Which of the following is a major risk during chemotherapy associated with febrile neutropenia?

Chemotherapy often leads to neutropenia, which is a decrease in the number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell essential for fighting off infections. When neutrophil counts drop significantly, patients become more susceptible to infections because their immune systems are compromised. Febrile neutropenia is a specific medical condition characterized by fever and neutropenia, indicating a serious risk for patients undergoing chemotherapy.

The correct answer is centered on the high likelihood of serious infections occurring in this state. In the context of febrile neutropenia, even mild infections can become life-threatening, necessitating prompt medical intervention. Patients may not exhibit the typical signs of infection due to their diminished immune response, making recognition and treatment even more crucial.

Other options suggest potential complications, such as leukemia or high-risk cardiac issues, but these are not directly linked to the immediate risks associated with febrile neutropenia. Gastrointestinal bleeding could occur as a side effect of chemotherapy but is also not directly the primary concern during episodes of febrile neutropenia. Thus, the major risk during chemotherapy associated with febrile neutropenia is indeed the potential for serious infections.