What is the primary risk factor associated with the development of lung cancer?

Cigarette smoking is the primary risk factor associated with the development of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 85% of all cases. The carcinogens found in tobacco smoke cause mutations in lung cells, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and the formation of tumors. This link is supported by extensive epidemiological studies showing that smokers are significantly more likely to develop lung cancer compared to non-smokers.

While other options like air pollution, radon exposure, and even pollen exposure can contribute to the risk of lung cancer, their impact is considerably less significant compared to the established dangers of cigarette smoking. For example, although radon exposure is a recognized risk factor and can lead to lung cancer, it primarily affects smokers even more due to their compromised lung health. In contrast, the link between smoking and lung cancer is direct and robust, underscoring its position as the leading cause of this malignancy.