What is the primary purpose of tumor biomarkers in oncology?

The primary purpose of tumor biomarkers in oncology is to assist in diagnosis and treatment planning. Tumor biomarkers are biological molecules found in blood, tissues, or other body fluids that can give important information about a tumor's characteristics. These biomarkers can help in identifying the type of cancer, determining its stage, and guiding treatment decisions tailored to the individual patient. For instance, specific biomarkers can indicate how aggressive a cancer may be or whether a particular treatment (such as targeted therapy or immunotherapy) is likely to be effective.

While predicting patient survival, identifying genetic mutations, and measuring treatment effectiveness are important aspects of oncology, the overarching function of tumor biomarkers is to provide clinicians with crucial information that aids in forming an accurate diagnosis and developing appropriate, personalized treatment strategies for patients. This foundational role is critical as it directly influences clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.